Prevalence of lectures about dental esthetics and female speakers in three Brazilian conferences

Abstract This study analyzed the prevalence of lectures involving esthetics in the scientific program of Brazilian dental conferences and the gender distribution of speakers. All lectures presented in three dental conferences (Bahia, São Paulo, and Goiás states) held from 2016 to 2020 were evaluated. Three investigators individually divided the lectures according to the specialties recognized by the Brazilian Federal Council of Dentistry (FCD) based on their titles. The lectures were also classified as involving or not esthetics, and the speaker`s gender was recorded. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, and Chi-square tests assessed possible associations between factors. The words most cited in the titles of the lectures were "esthetic" (13.6%), "dentistry" (9.9%), and "treatment" (8.1%). Oral diseases were barely mentioned in the titles (up to 1.3%). The highest number of lectures was observed for the specialty of Restorative Dentistry (22.3%), followed by Prosthodontics (18.5%). Approximately one-third of lectures involved some aesthetic aspect, but this percentage ranged from 71.9 to 78.6% for the two specialties with more lectures. Regarding the speaker`s gender, the inequity was higher for lectures involving esthetics (81.6% of males) than for topics unrelated to esthetics (66.7%). More male speakers than females were observed for all specialties. The highest gender gap was observed for Pediatric Dentistry with 62.4% male speakers, although only 10.6% of FCD registered specialists were men. In conclusion, the Brazilian dental conferences analyzed seemed to favor offering lectures dealing with esthetic topics and male speakers.

Resumo Este estudo analisou a prevalência de palestras envolvendo estética na programação científica de congressos de Odontologia brasileiros, e a distribuição do gênero dos palestrantes. Todas as palestras apresentadas em três congressos de Odontologia (CIOBA, CIOGO, and CIOSP) entre 2016 e 2020 foram avaliadas. Três avaliadores utilizaram os títulos das palestras para dividi-las entre as especialidades reconhecidas pelo Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO) do Brasil. As palestras foram também classificadas como envolvendo ou não estética, e o gênero do palestrante foi registrado. Análises estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas, e testes de Qui-quadrado avaliaram possíveis interações entre fatores. A palavra mais citada nos títulos das palestras foi "estética" (13,6%), seguido por "odontologia" (9,9%) e "tratamento" (8,1%). Doenças orais foram raramente mencionadas nos títulos (até 1,3%). O maior número de palestras foi observado para a especialidade de Dentística (22,3%), seguido por Prótese Dental (18,3%). Aproximadamente um terço das palestras envolviam algum aspecto estético, com porcentagens entre 71,9 a 78,6% para as duas especialidades com mais palestras. Em relação ao gênero do palestrante, a inequidade foi maior para palestras envolvendo estética (81,6% de homens) que para tópicos não relacionadas à estética (66,7%). Mais palestrantes do sexo masculino que feminino foram observados para todas as especialidades. A maior discrepância entre os gêneros foi observada para Odontopediatria, uma especialidade com 62,4% dos palestrantes do sexo masculino, embora apenas 10,6% dos especialistas registrados no CFO eram homens. Como conclusão, os congressos de Odontologia Brasileiros parecem preferir palestras abordando tópicos de estética e palestrantes do sexo masculino.

High-concentration carbamide peroxide can reduce the sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial

Abstract Objectives A single-blinded, randomized, parallel clinical trial evaluated the use of 37% carbamide peroxide (CP) on bleaching effectiveness and tooth sensitivity reported by patients undergoing in-office tooth bleaching, in comparison with the results of using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Material and Methods Forty patients were allocated to receive two sessions of in-office tooth bleaching using either 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) or 37% CP. Each patient's sensitivity level was evaluated during and up to 24 h after bleaching. The effectiveness of the bleaching procedures was evaluated with a spectrophotometer one week after each session and 30 days after the last session. The impact of tooth bleaching on the patients' perceptions regarding smile changes, in addition to the bleaching procedures and their results, were also recorded. Absolute and relative sensitivity risks were calculated. Data on sensitivity level were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney or T-test, and data from the color evaluation were subjected to 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results The use of CP reduced the risk and level of tooth sensitivity to values close to zero, whereas the difference between the bleaching agents disappeared after 24 h. An increased bleaching effect was observed for HP, mainly due to an improved reduction of redness and yellowness. Participants perceived improved tooth bleaching for HP and reduced sensitivity for CP, but no differences regarding the comfort of the techniques were noted. Conclusions In our study, 37% CP resulted in reduced tooth sensitivity but decreased the tooth bleaching effectiveness. However, both bleaching agents resulted in high levels of patient satisfaction.

Changes in dental esthetic perceptions of patients subjected to inoffice tooth bleaching / Mudanças nas percepções estéticas odontológicas de pacientes submetidos a clareamento dental de consultório

Objective: This study evaluated changes in the esthetic perceptions of patients subjected to inoffice tooth bleaching. Material and Methods: Fifty participants included in a clinical trial evaluating the in-office tooth bleaching answered two questionnaires about their dental esthetic perceptions. The participants answered the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) questionnaire and the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) before and after treatment. The average scores observed at baseline were compared with those recorded after tooth bleaching using the paired t-test or the Wilcoxon signed rank test (α = 0.05). Results: Improvement in tooth color (reduction of 5.1 shade guide units) had a positive impact on patients' perceptions. According to PIDAQ, tooth bleaching significantly increased the psychological impact and dental selfconfidence; and reduced esthetic concerns. The OES demonstrated improvements in participants' satisfaction for all questions, except for the one on "facial appearance". However, higher effect size was observed for the question related to tooth color, as expected. Conclusion: Tooth bleaching was associated with an overall improvement in dental esthetic perception, even when only tooth color was affected. (AU)

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou mudanças nas percepções estéticas de pacientes submetidos a clareamento dental de consultório. Material e Métodos: Cinquenta pacientes incluídos em um ensaio clínico avaliando clareamento dental de consultório responderam a dois questionários sobre suas percepções estética odontológicas. Os participantes responderam ao questionário de escala estética orofacial (EEO) e o questionário de impacto psicossocial da estética orofacial (PIDAQ) antes e após o tratamento. As médias dos escores no início do tratamento foram comparados com aqueles mensurados após o clareamento usando o teste-T pareado ou de Wilcoxon (α = 0,05). Resultados: Melhora na cor dental (redução de 5,1 unidades da escala de cor) teve um impacto positivo nas percepções dos pacientes. De acordo com PIDAQ, o clareamento dental significativamente aumentou o impacto psicossocial e autoconfiança dental, e reduziu as preocupações estéticas. O EEO demonstrou melhora na satisfação dos participantes para todas as questões, exceto para a de "aparência facial". Entretanto, maior efeito foi observado para a questão relacionada à cor dos dentes, como esperado. Conclusão: O clareamento dental foi associado com um aumento geral na percepção estética odontológica, mesmo que apenas a cor dos dentes foi afetada. (AU)